äžçäžã§å©çšãããŠããäŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åæ¹æ³ããã®åçããããŠçŸä»£ã«ãããç¶ç¶çãªé¢é£æ§ãæ¢ããŸãã
äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åã·ã¹ãã ïŒäžççãªèŠç¹
æŽå²ãéããŠã人é¡ã¯é£æãä¿åããããã®åµæå·¥å€«ã«æºã¡ãæ¹æ³ãèæ¡ããäžäœã®ææã®é£æã確ä¿ããŠããŸããããããã®äœäžä»£ã«ãããã£ãŠéçºãããŠããäŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãæç¶å¯èœæ§ã嵿工倫ããããŠå埩åã«é¢ãã貎éãªæèšãæäŸããŠããŸãããã®èšäºã§ã¯ãäžçäžã®ããŸããŸãªæ¹æ³ãæ¢ãããã®åºæ¬çãªåçãšçŸä»£ã«ãããæ°žç¶çãªé¢é£æ§ãæ€èšŒããŸãã
ãªãäŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åãåŠã¶ã®ãïŒ
è€éãªã°ããŒãã«ãµãã©ã€ãã§ãŒã³ãžã®äŸå床ãé«ãŸã£ãŠããäžçã«ãããŠãäŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åãçè§£ããããšã¯ãããã€ãã®å©ç¹ããããããŸãã
- 飿å®å šä¿éã®åäžïŒ 飿ãä¿åããæ¹æ³ãåŠã¶ããšã§ãå€éšãœãŒã¹ãžã®äŸåãæžããå®¶åºãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®é£æå®å šä¿éã匷åãããŸãã
- é£å廿£ã®åæžïŒ 广çãªä¿åã¯è æãæå°éã«æããäžççãªé£å廿£ãšããé倧ãªåé¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããŸãã
- æç¶å¯èœæ§ïŒ å€ãã®äŒçµ±çãªæ¹æ³ã§ã¯ããšãã«ã®ãŒãšè³æºãæå°éããå¿ èŠãšãããæç¶å¯èœãªç掻ã®ååã«åèŽããŠããŸãã
- æåéºç£ã®ä¿è·ïŒ ãããã®æè¡ã¯ãã°ãã°å°åæåãäŒçµ±ã«æ·±ãæ ¹ãããŠããã貎éãªç¥èãšéºç£ãä¿åããŠããŸãã
- 颚å³ãšæ é€äŸ¡ã®åäžïŒ çºé µãªã©ã®äžéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãå®éã«ã¯é£åã®é¢šå³ãšæ é€äŸ¡ãé«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
é£åä¿åã®åºæ¬åå
ç¹å®ã®æè¡ã«é¢ããããã»ãšãã©ã®äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åã·ã¹ãã ã¯ã以äžã®1ã€ãŸãã¯è€æ°ã®ååã«äŸåããŠããŸãã
- è±æ°ŽïŒæ°Žåã®é€å»ïŒïŒ 埮çç©ã¯ç¹æ®ããããã«æ°Žåãå¿ èŠãšããŸãã也ç¥ã¯æ°Žåãé€å»ãããã®å¢æ®ãæå¶ããŸãã
- 枩床管çïŒå·åŽãŸãã¯å ç±ïŒïŒ äœæž©ã¯åŸ®çç©ã®æŽ»åãšé µçŽ åå¿ãé ãããŸããã髿ž©ã¯åŸ®çç©ã殺ãããšãã§ããŸãã
- é žçŽ ã®åæžïŒ äžéšã®åŸ®çç©ã¯çåããããã«é žçŽ ãå¿ èŠãšããŸããé žçŽ ãé€å»ãŸãã¯å¶éããããšã§ãè æãé²ãããšãã§ããŸãã
- é žæ§åºŠã®å¢å ïŒ é žæ§åºŠãäžãããšãå€ãã®æå®³ãªçްèã®å¢æ®ãæå¶ãããŸãã
- å¡©èµïŒ 髿¿åºŠã®å¡©åã¯åŸ®çç©ããæ°ŽåãåŒãåºãããã®å¢æ®ãé²ããŸãã
- ç³åæ¿åºŠïŒ å¡©èµãšåæ§ã«ã髿¿åºŠã®ç³åã¯åŸ®çç©ã®å¢æ®ã«é©ããªãç°å¢ãäœãåºããŸãã
äžçäžã®äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åæ¹æ³
1. 也ç¥
也ç¥ã¯ãæãå€ããæãåºãæ®åããŠããé£åä¿åæ¹æ³ã®1ã€ã§ããé£åããæ°Žåãé€å»ãã埮çç©ã®å¢æ®ãšé µçŽ æŽ»æ§ãé²ããŸãã
- 倩æ¥ä¹Ÿç¥ïŒ 倪éœã®ç±ãå©çšããŠæ°Žåãèžçºããããã·ã³ãã«ã§è²»çšå¯Ÿå¹æã®é«ãæ¹æ³ã§ããæç©ïŒã¬ãŒãºã³ãã¢ããªã³ããããã³ãŽãŒïŒãéèïŒããããããŒãã³ïŒãèïŒãžã£ãŒããŒïŒã«äžè¬çã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- 空æ°ä¹Ÿç¥ïŒ é£åãææ°ã®è¯ãå Žæã«åããã空æ°ã®åŸªç°ã«ãã£ãŠåŸã ã«ä¹Ÿç¥ãããŸããããŒããã¹ãã€ã¹ãäžéšã®çš®é¡ã®èã«é©ããŠããŸãã
- ç»è£œïŒ 也ç¥ãšç ã®æ·»å ãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ãä¿åæãšããŠæ©èœãã颚å³ãå ããŸããèïŒã¹ã¢ãŒã¯ãµãŒã¢ã³ããã ãããŒã³ã³ïŒãéã«äœ¿çšãããŸããäŸïŒããããŒïŒè±åœïŒããã«ãã³ïŒåã¢ããªã«ïŒããšãŒãããåå°ã®ããŸããŸãªç»è£œãœãŒã»ãŒãžã
- äŸïŒãã©ã€ãããïŒã€ã¿ãªã¢ïŒãããŒããžã£ãŒããŒïŒç±³åœïŒãã¹ããã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ïŒãã«ãŠã§ãŒïŒããã©ã€ãã³ãŽãŒïŒãã£ãªãã³ïŒã
2. ã«ãŒãã»ã©ãŒ
ã«ãŒãã»ã©ãŒã¯ãå°äžãŸãã¯åå°äžã®æ§é ç©ã§ãæ¶Œãããæ¹¿ã£ãŠããŠãæãç°å¢ãç¶æããæ ¹èãæç©ããã®ä»ã®èŸ²ç£ç©ã®ä¿åã«æé©ã§ãã
- åçïŒ ã«ãŒãã»ã©ãŒã¯ãå°çã®èªç¶ãªæç±æ§ãå©çšããŠå®å®ããæž©åºŠãç¶æããå¬ã®åçµãå€ã®éåºŠã®æããé²ããŸããæ¹¿åºŠç®¡çã¯ãéèã也ç¥ããã®ãé²ããŸãã
- æ§é ïŒ äŒçµ±çã«ç³ãã¬ã³ã¬ããŸãã¯åã§å»ºãŠãããã«ãŒãã»ã©ãŒã¯ãæž©åºŠãšæ¹¿åºŠã調æŽããããã®ææ°ã·ã¹ãã ãåããŠããããšããããããŸãã
- ä¿åïŒ ãžã£ã¬ã€ã¢ããã³ãžã³ãããŒããã«ããªã©ã®æ ¹èã¯ããªã³ãŽããã·ãã¿ããã®ãšåæ§ã«ãã«ãŒãã»ã©ãŒã§ããŸãä¿åã§ããŸãã
- äžççãªäŸïŒ ã¹ã«ã³ãžããã¢ããã·ã¢ãåç±³ãªã©ã®å¯å·å°ã§äžè¬çã§ããäžçäžã«ããªãšãŒã·ã§ã³ããããå°åã®æ°åãææã«åãããŠèª¿æŽãããŠããŸãã
3. çºé µ
çºé µã¯ã现èãé µæ¯ãã«ããªã©ã®åŸ®çç©ãå©çšããŠçæ°Žåç©ãé žãã¬ã¹ããŸãã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«å€æããé£åãä¿åãããã®é¢šå³ãšé£æãå€åãããããã»ã¹ã§ãã
- ãã¯ã«ã¹ïŒ éèãé žæ§ã®å¡©æ°ŽïŒé ¢ãä¹³é žïŒã«æµžããè æèã®å¢æ®ãæå¶ããŸããäŸïŒã¶ã¯ãŒã¯ã©ãŠãïŒãã€ãïŒããã ãïŒéåœïŒããã¯ã«ã¹ïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒã
- ä¹³é žçºé µïŒ 现èãç³ãä¹³é žã«å€æããè æãæå¶ããé žå³ã®ããç°å¢ãäœãåºããŸããäŸïŒãšãŒã°ã«ãïŒäžæ±ãã€ã³ãïŒãã±ãã£ã¢ïŒæ±ãšãŒãããïŒãã¶ã¯ãŒã¯ã©ãŠãïŒãã€ãïŒããã ãïŒéåœïŒã
- ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«çºé µïŒ é µæ¯ãç³ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«å€æããé£åãä¿åããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é£²æãçæããŸããäŸïŒã¯ã€ã³ïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒãããŒã«ïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒãããŒãïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒã
- ãã®ä»ã®çºé µé£åïŒ é€æ²¹ïŒäžåœãæ¥æ¬ïŒãå³åïŒæ¥æ¬ïŒããã³ãïŒã€ã³ããã·ã¢ïŒãçŽè±ïŒæ¥æ¬ïŒã
4. å¡©èµãšãã¥ã¢ãªã³ã°
å¡©èµãšãã¥ã¢ãªã³ã°ã¯ãå¡©ã䜿çšããŠé£åããæ°ŽåãåŒãåºãã埮çç©ã®å¢æ®ã«æµå¯Ÿçãªç°å¢ãäœãåºãããšãå«ã¿ãŸãããã¥ã¢ãªã³ã°ã¯ãç¡é žå¡©ãŸãã¯äºç¡é žå¡©ãªã©ã®ä»ã®ä¿åæã®æ·»å ã䌎ãããšããããããŸãã
- 也塩æ³ïŒ é£åã«å¡©ããŸã¶ããæ°ŽåãåŒãåºããŸããèïŒãã ãããŒã³ã³ïŒãéïŒå¡©æŒ¬ãã¿ã©ïŒã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- 塩氎挬ãïŒ é£åã塩溶液ïŒå¡©æ°ŽïŒã«æµžããŸããèïŒã³ãŒã³ãããŒãïŒãéèïŒãã¯ã«ã¹ïŒã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- ç»è£œãšå¡©èµïŒ å¡©èµãšç»è£œãçµã¿åãããããšã§ãä¿åãåäžãã颚å³ãå¢ããŸããèïŒç»è£œãã ãããŒã³ã³ïŒãéïŒã¹ã¢ãŒã¯ãµãŒã¢ã³ïŒã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- äŸïŒå¡©æŒ¬ãã¿ã©ïŒãã«ãã¬ã«ããã«ãŠã§ãŒïŒãããã·ã¥ãŒãïŒã€ã¿ãªã¢ïŒããã¢ã³ïŒã¹ãã€ã³ïŒãã³ãŒã³ãããŒãïŒã¢ã€ã«ã©ã³ãïŒã
5. 猶詰ãšç¶è©°ã
猶詰ãšç¶è©°ãã¯ãé£åãå¯é容åšã«å¯å°ãã埮çç©ã殺ããé µçŽ ãäžæŽ»æ§åããæž©åºŠã«å ç±ããããšãå«ã¿ãŸãããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããè æãé²ãã貯èµå¯¿åœãå»¶ã°ããŸãã
- ç±æ¹¯çŒ¶è©°ïŒ æç©ããžã£ã ããŒãªãŒããã¯ã«ã¹ãããããªã©ã®é«é žæ§é£åã«äœ¿çšãããŸããç¶ã沞隰ãããæ¹¯ã«äžå®æé浞ãã埮çç©ã殺ããŸãã
- å§åçŒ¶è©°ïŒ éèãèãã¹ãŒããªã©ã®äœé žæ§é£åã«äœ¿çšãããŸããç¶ãå§åéã«å ¥ãããã髿ž©ã§å ç±ããèç±æ§ã®åŸ®çç©ã殺ããŸãã
- äŸïŒä¿åæç©ïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒããžã£ã ãšãŒãªãŒïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒããã¯ã«ã¹éèïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒã猶詰ãããïŒã€ã¿ãªã¢ãç±³åœïŒã
6. æ²¹ã«ããä¿å
é£åãæ²¹ã«æµžãããšã§å«æ°æ§ç°å¢ãäœãããå€ãã®è æãåŒãèµ·ãã埮çç©ã®å¢æ®ãæå¶ãããŸãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãå°äžæµ·æçãäžæ±æçã§ãã䜿çšãããŸãã
- 油挬ãéèïŒ ã¢ãŒãã£ãã§ãŒã¯ãããŒãã³ãããã·ã¥ã«ãŒã ãªã©ã®éèã¯ãããŒããã¹ãã€ã¹ãå ããŠæ²¹ã§ä¿åãããŸãã
- 油挬ãããŒãºïŒ ãã§ã¿ããŒãºãã¢ããã¡ã¬ã©ããŒãºã¯æ²¹ã§ä¿åã§ãã颚å³ãå ãã也ç¥ãé²ããŸãã
- äŸïŒãªãªãŒããªã€ã«æŒ¬ãéèïŒã€ã¿ãªã¢ãã®ãªã·ã£ïŒã油挬ããã§ã¿ããŒãºïŒã®ãªã·ã£ïŒã油挬ããã³ãã¯ïŒããŸããŸãªæåïŒã
7. ç©ç©ãšç°ã§ã®ä¿å
äžéšã®æåã§ã¯ãäŒçµ±çã«ç¹å®ã®é£åã也ç¥ç©ç©ãŸãã¯ç°ã§ä¿åããŠããŸãããç©ç©ã¯æ°Žåãåžåããç°ã¯ä¹Ÿç¥å€ãšããŠæ©èœãã害è«ãå¯ãä»ããªããªããŸãã
- ç°ã§ã®åµã®ä¿åïŒ ç¹ã«å·èµãå©çšã§ããªãã£ãå°åã§ã®äŒçµ±çãªåµã®ä¿åæ¹æ³ã§ããç°ã¯åµæ®»ã®æ°åãå¯éããè æãé²ããŸãã
- ç©ç©ã§ã®æ ¹èã®ä¿åïŒ ä¹Ÿç¥ç©ç©ã§æ ¹èãä¿åãããšã湿床ã®èª¿æŽãšè æã®é²æ¢ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
- äŸïŒç°ã§ã®åµã®ä¿åïŒããŸããŸãªæŽå²çæåïŒãçš®åã也ç¥åã®ç©ç©è²¯èµïŒäžçäžïŒã
äŒçµ±çãªæ¹æ³ã®çŸä»£ã«ãããé¢é£æ§
çŸä»£ã®å·èµãé£åå å·¥æè¡ã¯å©äŸ¿æ§ãšå¹çæ§ãæäŸããŸãããäŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åæ¹æ³ã¯ããã€ãã®çç±ã§é¢é£æ§ãä¿ã£ãŠããŸãã
- æç¶å¯èœæ§ïŒ çŸä»£çãªæ¹æ³ããããšãã«ã®ãŒãšè³æºãå¿ èŠãšããããšãå°ãªããããŸããã
- å°ç£å°æ¶ïŒ å°åã§ã®é£åçç£ãšæ¶è²»ãæ¯æŽããã°ããŒãã«ãµãã©ã€ãã§ãŒã³ãžã®äŸåãæžãããŸãã
- 飿å®å šä¿éïŒ ç¹ã«çŸä»£æè¡ãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãéãããŠããå°åã§ãå®¶åºãã³ãã¥ããã£ã®é£æå®å šä¿éã匷åããŸãã
- 颚å³ãšæ é€ïŒ çºé µãªã©ã®äžéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã颚å³ãšæ é€äŸ¡ãé«ããŸãã
- æåéºç£ã®ä¿è·ïŒ 貎éãªæåçç¥èãšäŒçµ±ãä¿åããŠããŸãã
äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åã®å®è·µçãªãã³ã
äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åæ¹æ³ãçæŽ»ã«åãå ¥ããããã®å®çšçãªãã³ããããã€ã玹ä»ããŸãã
- å°ããå§ããïŒ ããŒãã®ä¹Ÿç¥ãéèã®ãã¯ã«ã¹ã®ãããªç°¡åãªæ¹æ³ããå§ããŸãããã
- 培åºçã«èª¿æ»ããïŒ åæ¹æ³ã®åçãšå®å šå¯Ÿçãçè§£ããŸãããã
- ä¿¡é Œã§ããã¬ã·ãã䜿çšããïŒ é£åã®å®å šæ§ã確ä¿ããããã«ãå®çžŸã®ããã¬ã·ãã«åŸããŸãããã
- é©åãªæ©åšã«æè³ããïŒ çŒ¶è©°ç¶ãé£åä¹Ÿç¥æ©ãçºé µçšé¶åšãªã©ã®å¿ èŠãªæ©åšãå ¥æããŸãããã
- é£åå®å šãå®è·µããïŒ é£äžæ¯ãé²ãããã«ãåžžã«é£åå®å šãåªå ããŸãããã
- æ°åãèæ ®ããïŒ å°å ã®æ°åãšè³æºã«åãããŠæè¡ã調æŽããŸãããã
çµè«
äŒçµ±çãªé£åä¿åã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãããæç¶å¯èœã§ãå埩åãããã飿å®å šä¿éã«è²¢ç®ã§ããè±å¯ãªç¥èãšå®è·µãæäŸããŸãããããã®æ¹æ³ã®èåŸã«ããåçãçè§£ããçŸä»£ç掻ã«åãããŠèª¿æŽããããšã§ãé£å廿£ãåæžããå°å ã®é£åã·ã¹ãã ãæ¯æŽãã貎éãªæåéºç£ãä¿åããããšãã§ããŸãããããã®æä»£ãè¶ ããæè¡ãæ¡çšããããšã¯ãéå»ãšç§ãã¡ãã€ãªããšåæã«ãå°æ¥ã®äžä»£ã®ããã«ããæç¶å¯èœãªæªæ¥ãåµé ããããšãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
ããã«è©³ãããªãœãŒã¹
- æžç±ïŒãStocking Upããã£ãã«ã»ãããã³ã°èããThe Art of Fermentationããµã³ããŒã»ã«ããè
- ãŠã§ããµã€ãïŒ National Center for Home Food PreservationïŒç±³åœå®¶åºé£åä¿åã»ã³ã¿ãŒïŒãå°åã®èŸ²æ¥æ®åãµãŒãã¹